Journal of Geographical Studies of Mountainous Areas

Journal of Geographical Studies of Mountainous Areas

Analyzing the factors affecting in Spatial Planning of Value Chain Governance of Ecolodges (Study Case: Territorial Region 9)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Soraya Azizi 1
Abdolreza Roknoddin Eftekhari 2
Mehdi Pourtaheri 2
Hosein Sadeghi Saghdel 3
1 PhD student in Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor in Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/gsma.2024.714269
Abstract
Introduction

The business environment of business is changing at a staggering speed, and small businesses such as eco-lodges to survive on this wheel must adapt themselves to changes. The transformation in the space areas of businesses is influenced by internal forces and trends. Accordingly, internal factors such as the existence of skilled human resources in eco-lodges, information-tutorial infrastructure, local resources and facilities and external factors such as formulating policies, laws and regulations, incentives, etc. by government, financial-consultation services by external stakeholders and .. It is effective in the competition.
Therefore, the management of eco-lodges is challenging due to the various stakeholders in tourism. Therefore, factors such as intermediaries, low cooperation and trust between stakeholders, lack of participation between stakeholders, shortcomings in the use of up -to -date information technology, lack of power distribution and identical interests between stakeholders and weaken the spatial planning of the value chain of eco-lodges in local communities. Therefore, the research questions can be formulated as follows: Which of the factors are in the realization of spatial planning of the governance value chain of eco-lodges and what is the situation of the studied villages in terms of the factors affecting of spatial planning of the governance value chain of eco-lodges?
 

Methodology

This research has been done in a descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of the study (including 128 villages with a total of 189 ecotourism resorts in the 9th region of the country). Based on prsonail estiation method, 20% of the volume of the statistical population was used as the basis, which finally determined the number of 26 villages and 38 eco-lodges.
In the first process to achieve the indicators, first the commonalities of the dimensions explaining spatial planning and governance based on world literature were identified and then the frequency of dimensions based on world literature was determined during the period 2021-2002, then the final dimensions explaining spatial planning governance Based on previous studies, it was finalized and Porter value chain was used to explain the dimensions of the value chain. After these steps, the final indicators were determined.
Subsequently, due to the existence of two groups of respondents inside and outside the village, the components were identified internal, external, and internal-internalized. Another is to measure the importance of indicators as well as localization and operationalization in the rural areas of the case. The study was used by experts, stakeholders and tourists. In order to measure the importance of internal and external factors of spatial planning of the tourism value chain, Independent sample t test with two independent samples has been used. Thus, the first difference between the meanings of internal, external factors is generally between three groups of respondents and then the differences between the three provinces and the villages under study. The Aras Technique has been used to determine the ranking of the villages in terms of the status of the internal and external factors of of spatial planning of the governance value chain of eco-lodges.

Results

The Independent sample t test output showed that all the spatial planning factors of the value chain of eco-lodges value chain were less than (0.05) with a reliability level above 95% and the mean difference of internal and external factors from the numerical utility of the test Theoretical (2) is positive, so that, given the mean differences of internal and external factors, internal factors with an average of 2.90 are more important. In this regard, it can be said that among the internal and external factors, the most important importance of the participation of the value chain rings is the efficiency and effectiveness of network clusters, respectively. Given the difference between the average internal and external factors, the highest importance of internal factors in Khorasan Razavi and South provinces is 2.91 and 2.90. The results of the Aras technique also showed that the villages studied are not equal in terms of internal and external factors affecting the spatial planning of the governance value chain of eco-lodges.

Discussion

Various factors are involved in the spatial planning of the governance value chain of eco-lodges, where the results of the study suggest the importance of internal factors that are more important among the internal factors, the participation of the value chain rings and the efficiency and effectiveness of network clusters. There is also a difference between the villages under study in terms of the internal and external factors affecting the spatial planning of the value chain of eco-lodges, which indicates that the the villages of Sanobar and efin and … are better than other villages.

Conclusion

The results of the Independent sample t test indicate that there is a significant difference between all the explanatory factors of spatial planning of the governance value chain of eco-lodges.Given the mean difference of internal and external factors, internal factors with an average of 2.90 are more important. In this regard, it can be said that among the internal and external factors, the most important importance of the participation of the value chain rings is the efficiency and effectiveness of network clusters, respectively. Given the difference between the average internal and external factors, the highest importance of internal factors in Khorasan Razavi and South provinces is 2.91 and 2.90. The results of this study also with the results of external-leaf studies including Uddin and et al (2019), Bichler and et al (2019), foladi nashta and et al (2022), Rabbani (2019) and ... The results of Aras' technique also showed that the villages of Sanobar and efin, Firoozeh, Zoeram, Qojd and Bisghafizin (favorable position) are ranked first to second and Arzaneh village (poor condition) in 19th. The importance of the internal factors in the aforementioned villages can be influenced by geographical location (piedmont, mountainous), distance (near to the city) and climate (semi -arid), local resources and facilities, and external factors, laws and regulations, incentives, and so on. By the government and its implementation in the ecotourism, the financial-consultation services were referred to by external stakeholders.
Keywords
governance
value chain
eco-lodges
Aras technique
Territorial Region 9
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Journal of Geographical Studies of Mountainous Areas
Volume 5, Issue 1 - Serial Number 17
Spring
Spring 2024
Pages 1-30