مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق کوهستانی

مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق کوهستانی

ارزیابی کشت کلزا بر اساس معیارهای محیطی در مناطق کوهستانی ( مورد مطالعه، شهرستان ایذه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه‌ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران
چکیده
بخش کشاورزی دارای نقش اساسی در حیات اقتصادی و سیاسی جوامع می­باشد. با توجه به محدودیت منابع در اختیار و فزونی تقاضا ضروری است که در عرصه­های جغرافیایی، برنامه­ریزی دقیق و همه جانبه­نگری در راستای توسعه فعالیت­ها و استفاده از منابع صورت پذیرد. سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی نیز از جمله روش­های مبتنی بر تحلیل مکانی است که به کمک آن امکان شناخت دقیق توان­ها و قابلیت­های محیطی هر منطقه به منظور پهنه­بندی نواحی مستعد فعالیت­ کشاورزی و گام نهادن در راه توسعه این بخش میسر می­گردد. کشت کلزا به عنوان یکی از محصولات با تنوع بالا، دارای شرایط خاصی از لحاظ محیطی است. شهرستان ایذه دارای موقعیت جغرافیایی مناسبی برای کشاورزی و کشت محصولات متنوع است. تحقیق حاضر تلاش داشته است که پهنه­بندی نواحی مستعد کشت کلزا بر اساس معیارهای محیطی، با روش­ تصمیم­گیری مکانی (AHP) و مدل وزن­دهی(IO) در محیط GIS، را مشخص نماید. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و بر مبنای ماهیت توصیفی – تحلیلی می­باشد که پس از جمع­آوری اطلاعات و لایه­های مختلف و آماده­سازی آن­ها، از روش­های ذکر شده جهت تعیین نواحی مستعد کشت بهره گرفته شده است. نتایج نشان داد، که معیار خاک با ارزش47/0 دارای بیشترین اهمیت و معیار ارتفاع با ارزش02/0 دارای کمترین اهمیت و تاثیرگذاری در میان هفت معیار محیطی در کشت کلزا برای منطقه مورد مطالعه است. بر اساس مدل چند معیاره مکانی AHP، 55/29018 هکتار از مساحت منطقه برای کشت کلزا مناسب، 19/40461 هکتار  دارای شرایط مناسب، 42/85152  هکتار دارای وضعیت متوسط و 147601 و 75/71223 هکتار از منطقه به ترتیب دارای شرایط نامناسبی برای کشت کلزا می­باشند. بر اساس مدل وزن­دهی(IO)نیز بیش از 40/23604  هکتار از مساحت منطقه مناسب و 36/37456 هکتار نامناسب است. مقایسه نتایج هر دو مدل نشانگر یکسان بودن نتایج و کارایی آن­ها است.
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