مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق کوهستانی

مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق کوهستانی

ارزیابی اهمیت و عملکرد شاخص‌های تاب‌آوری اقتصادی در بافت‌های تاریخی (نمونه موردی: بافت تاریخی ارومیه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.
چکیده
هدف: امروزه تاب‌آوری اقتصادی به‌ عنوان یک مسئله مهم در بافت‌های تاریخی شهر به چشم می‌آید که با ارزیابی آن در این بافت‌های شهری می‌توان با شناخت وضع موجود و بر اساس پتانسیل‌های محیطی راهبردهای بهینه تدوین نمود. هدف اصلی این پژوهش ارزیابی اهمیت و عملکرد شاخص‌های تاب‌آوری اقتصادی در بافت‌ تاریخی شهر ارومیه می‌باشد.
روش: پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ نوع، کاربردی و روش بررسی آن توصیفی-تحلیلی می‌باشد. گردآوری داده‌ها در این پژوهش به دو صورت کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی صورت گرفته است. محدوده مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش بافت تاریخی شهر ارومیه واقع در منطقه 4 شهر ارومیه می‌باشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش ساکنین و اهالی کسبه بافت تاریخی شهر ارومیه می‌باشد که مطابق فرمول کوکران تعداد حجم نمونه 383 به‌دست‌آمده است که به‌ صورت نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده توزیع گردیده است. روایی پرسشنامه توسط 15 نفر از متخصصین و پایایی پرسشنامه نیز توسط آزمون آلفای کرونباخ و با مقدار 719/0 مورد تأیید قرارگرفته است. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از تکنیک IPA و مدل تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره DEMATEL صورت گرفته است.
نتایج: یافته‌های پژوهش نشانگر این است که مطابق تکنیک IPA شاخص‌های امنیت شغلی، سلامت سیاست‌های مالی و پولی، وجود زیرساخت‌های مناسب، وجود راه‌های جایگزین درآمد و پایداری و ثبات اقتصادی در محدوده بافت تاریخی شهر ارومیه اهمیت بالایی در ارتقاء تاب‌آوری اقتصادی دارند ولیکن به دلیل عملکرد ضعیف در جایگاه خوبی قرار نگرفته‌اند. مطابق نتایج DEMATEL نیز شاخص پایداری و ثبات اقتصادی به‌عنوان تأثیرگذارترین و تأثیرپذیرترین شاخص در میان سایر شاخص‌ها بوده است که بیشترین ارتباط را با سایر شاخص‌ها دارد.
نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج نشان می‌دهند که شاخص‌های کلیدی همچون امنیت شغلی و ثبات اقتصادی، اگرچه از اهمیت نظری بالایی در تاب‌آوری اقتصادی محدوده تاریخی ارومیه برخوردارند، اما در عمل عملکرد ضعیفی داشته‌اند.
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