Introduction

The nomadic way of life is one of the first forms of social life that has continued to this day after passing through a series of historical ups and downs. This way of livelihood can be seen more in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. About 100 to 200 million people live in this way. It is the main basis of the livelihood of nomads in the Middle East based on traditional activity in the livestock sector in such a way that it is the main capital of livestock nomads. Animal husbandry is the most sustainable food system on the planet, which has provided the activity of about 500 million people in an area of more than a quarter of the earth's surface. The nomadic way of life has many ecological, economic and socio-cultural capacities according to the region where it is formed. In Iran, the nomadic community often live in mountainous areas and their awareness and knowledge of local and regional geographical conditions is at a high level. They are mentioned as a symbol of the ancient lifestyle and cultural heritage, and the nomadic livestock as the genetic reserve of the country's livestock.
 

Methodology

According to the presented divisions of research types, the present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and a descriptive-analytical research in terms of methodology. To collect the required information and data, a combination of documentary and field methods (field collection through questionnaires) has been used. The statistical population of the research consists of 319 people from the semi-nomadic nomads of Ravansar county (including the semi-nomadic nomads of Badrabad, Benavach, Kani Khazran, Benchale, Kharajian, De Laili, Qalayan, Mehrgan and Gorgidar villages) and considering the problems of conducting the census (difficult access to all the nomads, unwillingness of some of them to conduct interviews, etc.) and also by observing the minimum sample in field research, 150 people from the mentioned community were considered as a sample. The main research tool for collecting field data is a questionnaire whose validity has been confirmed by obtaining and applying the opinions of university professors and researchers who are experts on nomadic society. To check the reliability of the questionnaire, the pre-test technique was used with the number of 30 questionnaires. The calculated Cronbach's alpha coefficient was an indicator of the reliability of the instrument used.
 

Results

In this part of the research, frequency distribution table has been used for general knowledge about the status of economic and social capacities of semi-nomadic nomads. The results show that according to 4% of the respondents, the economic and social capacities of semi-nomadic nomads are at very weak and weak levels, and 25.3% believed that these capacities are at an average level. Also, 70.7% believed that the economic and social capacities of semi-nomadic nomads are at high and very high levels. In total, the results show that most of the respondents believed that the way of life, livelihood and activity of the nomadic community has significant economic and social capacities. In the meantime, identifying these capacities in the form of key factors is an important matter that has been addressed in the following. The results of the research showed that six key factors have been identified as the most important economic and social capacities of the nomadic community and in total they were able to explain about 64% of the variance of the dependent variable. Among these, the three most important factors are: income generation and business boom (12.289 percent), diversification of economic activity (10.765 percent) and strengthening of social capital (10.667 percent). The results of the analysis of variance test showed that the F statistic with a value of 82.598 was significant at the 0.95 percent confidence level and there is a significant difference between nomadic communities in terms of economic and social capacities. The results of Duncan's test showed that the nomadic community belonging to the two villages of Badrabad and Gargidar have the highest and lowest economic and social capacity, respectively, with an average rank of 4.657 and 3.55.
 

Discussion

In order to optimally exploit the capabilities of the nomadic community, policies and planning should be in accordance with the capacities of the nomadic community. Therefore, identifying the different capacities of nomadic communities in different biological realms is essential for their sustainable development. The results of the current research, which was conducted with the main purpose of identifying the economic and social capacities of the nomadic community in Ravansar County, showed that the nomadic community believed that the economic and social variables related to the way of living and the environmental resources used by them are in a suitable state.
 

Conclusion

The optimal and sustainable use of the economic and social capacities of the nomadic community depends on the all-round and effective support of the nomadic community in various dimensions. Among these supports, the following can be mentioned: writing down the indigenous knowledge of the nomads in various fields and teaching it to new ranchers, Construction of nomadic tourism Eco camps, Teaching new methods of job creation and entrepreneurship, Livestock breeding and the use of polygamous livestock species, Teaching new ways of marketing and processing livestock products, Guaranteed purchase of products at reasonable prices, Construction of water reservoirs and drinking fountains in pasture areas, Allocating bank credits to purchase the equipment needed to transport water to pasture areas, Considering the effective subsidy for providing animal feed and fodder, especially in the winter season, Providing the necessary platform to access the veterinarian and Covering the nomadic community with insurance.
 
Acknowledgments
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.