مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق کوهستانی

مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق کوهستانی

تحلیل فضایی ابعاد تاب­ آوری مناطق شهر ایلام در برابر بیماری­ های همه­ گیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
10.22034/gsma.2025.2071043.1121
چکیده
هدف: در سال‌های اخیر با توجه به روند سریع رشد سکونتگاه‌های شهری و شهرنشینی در بسیاری از نقاط جهان، شاهد چالش‌‌های فزاینده‌‌ای در سیستم اقتصادی، اجتماعی، زیرساختی و کالبدی می­باشیم. این شرایط نشان می‌دهد که توجه به پتانسیل تاب‌آوری برای دستیابی به پایداری شهری بلند­مدت ضروری است. بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی وضعیت ابعاد تاب­آوری شهر ایلام در برابر بیماری همه‌گیر و بررسی میزان تفاوت بین مناطق است.
روش: پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش به صورت توصیفی-تحلیلی می‌باشد. در بخش نظری از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و اسنادی استفاده شد و برای بخش میدانی در سال ۱۴۰۳ پرسشنامه طراحی و اجرا گردید. داده‌ها ابتدا از واحد آمار و اطلاعات شهرداری ایلام جمع‌آوری و سپس با تکمیل آن از طریق نظرات ۲۰ کارشناس شهری، مبنای تحلیل قرار گرفت سپس برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌‌‌ها و اطلاعات گرد آوری شده از روش آنتروپی شانون برای وزن دهی به شاخص‌ها و از تکنیک تصمیم­گیری چند معیاره کوکوسو برای رتبه بندی و منطقه بندی محدوده مورد مطالعه همچنین از نرم‌افزار ArcGIS  برای تحلیل فضایی میزان برخورداری از ابعاد تاب‌آوری شهری استفاده شده است.
نتایج: نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که مناطق شهر ایلام از نظر ابعاد تاب آوری شهری از توزیع متوازن و مناسبی در سطح مناطق شهر ایلام برخوردار نیستند و مناطق دارای اختلاف هستند.
نتیجه­گیری: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهند که تاب‌آوری شهری در مناطق مختلف شهر ایلام توزیع یکنواختی ندارد و شکاف قابل توجهی بین مناطق در این زمینه وجود دارد. این عدم توازن، لزوم توجه ویژه به مناطق کم‌برخوردارتر را برای ارتقاء تاب‌آوری کلی شهر ایلام برجسته می‌سازد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

Afrin, S., Chowdhury, F., Jahan, R., & Md, M. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic: Rethinking Strategies for Resilient Urban Design. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 3, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2021.668263
Ahern, J. (2011). From fail-safe to safe-to-fail: Sustainability and resilience in the new urban world. Landscape and Urban Planning, 341-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.02.021
Alonge, O., Sonkarlay, S., Gwaikolo, W., Fahim, C., Cooper, J. L., & D. H. P. (2019). Understanding the role of community resilience in addressing the Ebola virus disease epidemic in Liberia: A qualitative study. Global Health Action, 12(1), 1-13. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2019.1662682
Amirzadeh, M., Sobhaninia, S., Buckman, S. T., & Sharifi, A. (2023). Building resilient cities against pandemics: A review of COVID-19 literature. Sustainable Cities and Society, 89, 1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2022.104326
Amirzadeh, M., Sobhaninia, S., & Sharifi, A. (2022). Urban resilience: A vague or an evolutionary concept? Sustainable Cities and Society, 81(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCS.2022.103853
A-R, A., & Dincer, I. (2021). Development of integrated sustainability performance indicators for better management of smart cities. Sustainable Cities and Society, 67, 102704. DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2020.102704
Bates, L. C., Zieff, G., Stanford, K., Moore, J. B., Kerr, Z. Y. H., Erik, D. H., Gibbs, B. B., Kline, C. E., & Stoner, L. (2020). COVID-19 Impact on Behaviors across the 24-Hour Day in Children and Adolescents: Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep. Children, 7(9), 1-9. DOI: 10.3390/children7090138
Brown, K. (2014). Global environmental change: A social turn for resilience? Progress in Human Geography, 38, 107-117.  doi:10.1177/0309132513498837
Bryce, C. P., Ring, S., Ashby, J. K., & Wardman. (2020). Resilience in the face of uncertainty: Early lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic. Risk Research, 23(9), 880-887. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2020.1756379
Cutter, S.L. C.G. Burton, C.T. Emrich. (2010). Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions. Homeland Security and Emergency Management. 7. 1-22.
Cheshmezangi, A. (2020). The city in need: Urban resilience and city management in disruptive disease outbreak events. DOI:10.1007/978-981-15-5487-11.
Cutter, S.L. C.G. Burton, C.T. Emrich. (2010). Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions. Homeland Security and Emergency Management. 7. 1-22.  https://doi.org/10.2202/1547-7355.1732
Damanbagh, S., Alizadeh, H., & Sharifi, A. (2024). Assessing urban resilience to pandemics with a hybrid framework of planning, absorption, recovery, and adaptation abilities: A case study of Ahvaz, Iran. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 108, 104573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104573
Delgado-Ramos, G. C., & Guibrunet, L. (2017). Assessing the ecological dimension of urban resilience and sustainability. International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development, 9, 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/19463138.2017.1341890
Duffey, R. B., & Zio, E. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic trend modeling and analysis to support resilience decision-making. Biology, 9(7), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9070156
Fan, S., Teng, P., Chew, P., Smith, G., & Copeland, L. (2021). Food system resilience and COVID-19 – lessons from the Asian experience. Global Food Security, 28, 100524. DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100501
Fernández, J. E., Martínez, A., Gómez, P., & Ruiz, L. (2021). Social resilience in urban communities: Concepts, indicators, and policy implications. Urban Studies, 58(14), 2875–2892.
Göran, D., & Whitehead, M. (1991). Policies and strategies to promote social equity in health.
Hezer, S., Gelmez, E., & Özceylan, E. (2021). Comparative analysis of TOPSIS, VIKOR and COPRAS methods for the COVID-19 regional safety assessment. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 775-786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.03.003
Holling, C. S. (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000245
Hong, N., Fu, H., & Liao, C. (2023). Spatio-temporal patterns of Chinese urban recovery and system resilience under the pandemic new normal. Cities, 140, 1-13. DOI:10.1016/j.cities.2023.104385
Jovanović, A., Klimek, P., Renn, O., Schneider, R., Øien, K., Brown, J., DiGennaro, M., Liu, Y., Pfau, V., Jelić, M., Rosen, T., Caillard, B., Chakravarty, S., & Chhantyal, P. (2020). Assessing resilience of healthcare infrastructure exposed to COVID-19: Emerging risks, resilience indicators, interdependencies and international standards. Environ, 40(2), 252–286. DOI: 10.1007/s10669-020-09779-8
Keenan, J. M. (2020). COVID, resilience, and the built environment. Environmental Systems and Decisions, 40(2), 216-221. DOI: 10.1007/s10669-020-09773-0
Kim, S. J., & Bostwick, W. (2020). Social vulnerability and racial inequality in COVID-19 deaths in Chicago. Health Education & Behavior, 47(4), 509–513. DOI: 10.1177/1090198120929677
Kimhi, S., Marciano, H., Eshel, Y., & Adini, B. (2020). Resilience and demographic characteristics predicting distress during the COVID-19 crisis. Social Science & Medicine, 265, 113389. DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113389
Kumar, A., Luthra, S., Mangla, S. K., & Kazançoğlu, Y. (2020). COVID-19 impact on sustainable production and operations management. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 1, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2020.06.001
Lak, A., Hakimian, P., & Sharifi, A. (2021). An evaluative model for assessing pandemic resilience at the neighborhood level: The case of Tehran. Sustainable Cities and Society, 75, 1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103410
Lak, A., Asl, S. S., & Maher, A. (2020). Resilient urban form to pandemics: Lessons from COVID-19. Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 34(1), 1-9. doi: 10.34171/mjiri.34.71
Li, G., Kou, C., Wang, Y., & Yang, H. (2020). System dynamics modelling for improving urban resilience in Beijing, China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 161, 104954. DOI:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104954
Litman, T. (2020). Pandemic-resilient community planning. Victoria Transport Policy Institute.  https://vtpi.org/PRCP
Maison, D., Jaworska, D., Adamczyk, D., & Affeltowicz, D. (2021). The challenges arising from the COVID-19 pandemic and the way people deal with them: A qualitative longitudinal study. PLOS ONE, 16(10), e0258136. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258133
Maleki, S., Piri, F., & Abedi, Z. (2021). Identifying the factors affecting the urban livability with structural-interpretative modeling approach (Case Study: Ilam City). Geography and Regional Development, 19(1), 53-87. https://doi.org/10.22067/jgrd.2021.48827.0
Martin, R. (2018). Shocking aspects of regional development: Towards an economic geography of resilience. In G. Clark, M. Gertler, M. P. Feldman, & D. Wójcik (Eds.), The New Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography (pp. 839–864). DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755609.013.43
Martínez, L., & Short, J. R. (2021). The pandemic city: Urban issues in the time of COVID-19. Sustainability, 13(6), 3295. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063295
McEntire, D. A. (2014). Disaster response and recovery: Strategies and tactics for resilience. John Wiley & Sons. DOI:10.2202/1547-7355.1323
Meerow, S., Newell, J. P., & Stults, M. (2016). Defining urban resilience: A review. Landscape and Urban Planning, 147, 38-49. DOI:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.11.011
Moraci, F., Errigo, M. F., Fazia, C., Campisi, T., & Castelli, F. (2020). Cities under pressure: Strategies and tools to face climate change and pandemic. Sustainability, 12(18), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187743
M.F. Rahmadana, G.H. Sagala. (2020). Economic resilience dataset in facing physical distancing during COVID-19 global pandemic. Data Brief, 32, 106281. DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106069
Newman, P., Beatley, T., & Boyer, H. (2013). Resilient cities responding to peak oil and climate change. Island Press. DOI:10.1080/13574809.2012.666179
OECD. (2011). Future global shocks: Improving risk governance. Paris: OECD.
Rahmadana, M. F., & Sagala, G. H. (2020). Economic resilience dataset in facing physical distancing during COVID-19 global pandemic. Data Brief, 32, 106281. •  DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106069
Rubin, H. (2011). Future global shocks: Pandemics. Paris: OECD. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264114586-en
Santos, A., Sousa, N., Kremers, H., & Bucho, J. L. (2020). Building resilient urban communities: The case study of Setubal municipality, Portugal. Geosciences, 10(6), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10060243
Sharifi, A. (2016). A critical review of selected tools for assessing community resilience. Ecological Indicators, 69, 629-647.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.05.023
Sharifi, A. (2020). Urban resilience assessment: Mapping knowledge structure and trends. Sustainability, 12(15), 1-18. DOI:10.3390/su12155918
Sharifi, A., Khavarian-Garmsir, A. R., & Kummitha, R. K. R. (2021). Contributions of smart city solutions and technologies to resilience against the COVID-19 pandemic: A literature review. Sustainability, 13(14), 1-28.  https://doi.org/10.3390/su13148018.
Shohani, N., Collegi, L., Darabi, S., & Yousefi Babadi, S. (2022). Pandemic COVID-19 (Corona); Tehran's resilience against it. Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards, 9(1), 215-232. (Persian) 20.1001.1.24237892.1401.9.1.12.8
Shao, Y., & Xu, J. (2015). Urban resilience: A conceptual analysis based on an international literature review. International City Planning, 30(2), 48-54. doi: 10.4236/ojce.2023.131005.
Shaodong, L., Pengfei, C., Fengming, H., & Mengjie, G. (2024). Evaluating urban vitality and resilience under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic from a mobility perspective: A case study in Shenzhen, China. Journal of Transport Geography, 117. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2024.103886
Sheikhzadeh, F., Tavakolinia, J. and Shaterian, M., 2025. Analysis of Iranian-Islamic city characteristics based on urban livability indicators. Sustainable Development of Geographical Environment, 7(12), 28-44. https://doi.org/ 10.48308/sdge.2023.229674.1093
Susan, C., Michie, J., & Tyler, P. (2010). Regional resilience: Theoretical and empirical perspectives. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3, 3-10. DOI:10.1093/cjres/rsq004
Vliet, V. (2002). Cities in a globalizing world: From engines of growth to agents of change. Environment and Urbanization, 14(1), 31-40. DOI:10.1177/095624780201400103
Walker, B. (2020). Resilience: What it is and is not. Ecology and Society, 25(11), 1-3. DOI:10.5751/ES-11647-250211
Walker, B., Carpenter, S. R., Folke, C., Gunderson, L., Peterson, G. D., Scheffer, M., Schoon, M., & Westley, F. R. (2020). Navigating the chaos of an unfolding global cycle. Ecology and Society, 25(23), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12072-250423
Windel, G. (2011). What is resilience? A review and concept analysis. Review in Clinical Gerontology, 21(2), 152-169. DOI:10.1017/S0959259810000420
Wang, R., Li, Z., Ye, H., Liao, N., Qiu, Y., & W, Y. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 on electricity energy consumption: A quantitative analysis on electricity. Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 140, 1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108084
 Zhang, J., & Wang, T. (2023). Urban resilience under the COVID-19 pandemic: A quantitative assessment framework based on system dynamics. Cities, 136, 1-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104265
Zhang, X., & Li, H. (2018). Urban resilience and urban sustainability: What we know and what do not know? Cities, 72, 141-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.08.009