مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق کوهستانی

مطالعات جغرافیایی مناطق کوهستانی

بررسی میزان اثرگذاری مولفه‌های گردشگری هوشمند روستایی بر پایداری روستاهای هدف گردشگری (مطالعه موردی: روستاهای شرق استان کرمانشاه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استاد، گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
گردشگری هوشمند روستایی به ‌عنوان یک راهبرد جدید در مسیر توسعه پایدار روستاها مطرح می‌شود. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی میزان اثرگذاری مؤلفه‌های گردشگری هوشمند روستایی بر پایداری روستاهای هدف گردشگری شرق استان کرمانشاه است. روش تحقیق در نوشتار حاضر بر اساس هدف، از نوع کاربردی و بر اساس ماهیت، توصیفی- تحلیلی است. جمع‌آوری اطلاعات به روش اسنادی منابع کتابخانه ای، مجله های علمی و گردآوری میدانی به روش پرسشنامه و اطلاعات مورد نیاز در زمینه گردشگری هوشمند روستایی و شاخص‌های آن با استفاده از پیشینه، با توجه به شرایط منطقه جمع‌آوری شده است. پرسشنامه به دلیل بررسی وضعیت گردشگری هوشمند روستایی در روستاهای نمونه، در قالب طیف پنج گزینه‌ای لیکرت تهیه و در بین روستاییان توزیع و تکمیل شده است. از مجموع (1191 خانوار) 3888 نفر تعداد جمعیت روستاهای نمونه با فرمول کوکران با خطای 065/0 درصد حجم نمونه 215 نفر به دست آمد. برای سنجش گردشگری هوشمند روستایی و توسعه پایدار روستایی با توجه به نوع داده‌ها از آزمون‌های همبستگی پیرسون ، تی تک نمونه‌ای استفاده‌شده است. در ادامه به دلیل سطح بندی روستاهای مورد مطالعه به لحاظ دستیابی به گردشگری هوشمند روستایی و توسعه پایدار روستایی با توجه به نوع داده‌ها از روش وزن دهی CRITIC و روش رتبه‌بندی COCOSO و  MARCOS استفاده شده است و برای تحلیل تأثیر عوامل گردشگری هوشمند روستایی بر پایداری روستاهای هدف گردشگری از روش معادلات ساختاری SMART PLS استفاده‌ شده است. برای تحلیل­های آماری از نرم‌افزار JAMOVI و نقشه­ها از نرم‌افزار GIS استفاده ‌شده است. با توجه به نتایج، ضرایب t بین متغیرهای اصلی پژوهش، بیش از 161/22 بوده یعنی رابطه معنادار و غیر مستقیم است بدین ترتیب انواع شاخص‌های گردشگری هوشمند روستایی بر توسعه پایدار سکونتگاه­های روستایی تأثیر مثبت و معناداری دارد و گردشگری هوشمند روستایی با ضریب 821/0 بیشترین تأثیر مستقیم بر توسعه پایدار روستایی را داشته  و متغیر مستقل 3/86 درصد از واریانس متغیر توسعه پایدار روستایی را پیش‌بینی می‌کنند.
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