The present study aimed to identify the barriers to the empowerment of rural women in the mountainous region of southern Isfahan province. This research adopts a descriptive-correlation approach, and the data were collected using a questionnaire. To determine the required sample size, Cochran’s formula and quota sampling (based on the number of women in each rural district) were used, which resulted in a sample size of 380 respondents. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) and inferential statistics (Friedman test, factor analysis, and path analysis) were employed. The results of the factor analysis showed that the most significant barriers to women's empowerment, in order of importance, include: social barriers; security-health-education barriers; economic barriers; psychological barriers; financial barriers; familial barriers; ideological and educational barriers; and lack of motivation. Moreover, except for political barriers, all variables also have an indirect effect on women's empowerment. The final findings suggest that, given the capacities and potential of women in the study area, the implementation of initiatives such as offering low-interest bank loans and financial facilities to rural women, organizing training courses in marketing, holding vocational and entrepreneurial skill-building workshops for women's employment through technical and vocational training, conducting educational sessions to foster self-confidence and the spirit of cooperation among rural women, and establishing women's institutions and associations to advocate for women's rights in various fields is essential. This research provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of rural .women's empowerment in the mountainous region of southern Isfahan.